Taking the time to learn the root of the words is crucial to understanding the vocabulary of anatomy and physiology. When you understand the names of muscles it will help you remember where the muscles are located and what they do [link] , [link] , and [link]. Pronunciation of words and terms will take a bit of time to master, but after you have some basic information; the correct names and pronunciations will become easier.
These include naming the muscle after its shape, its size compared to other muscles in the area, its location in the body or the location of its attachments to the skeleton, how many origins it has, or its action. For example, the frontalis muscle is located on top of the frontal bone of the skull.
Similarly, the shapes of some muscles are very distinctive and the names, such as orbicularis, reflect the shape. For the buttocks, the size of the muscles influences the names: gluteus maximus largest , gluteus medius medium , and the gluteus minimus smallest.
Names were given to indicate length— brevis short , longus long —and to identify position relative to the midline: lateralis to the outside away from the midline , and medialis toward the midline. The direction of the muscle fibers and fascicles are used to describe muscles relative to the midline, such as the rectus straight abdominis, or the oblique at an angle muscles of the abdomen. Some muscle names indicate the number of muscles in a group.
One example of this is the quadriceps, a group of four muscles located on the anterior front thigh. Other muscle names can provide information as to how many origins a particular muscle has, such as the biceps brachii. The prefix bi indicates that the muscle has two origins and tri indicates three origins. When the name of a muscle is based on the attachments, the origin is always named first.
The biceps brachii muscle of the arm has two origins that are fixed to the scapula bone and one insertion that is attached to and moves the radius bone. External oblique Location of or body part covered by the muscle Frontal bone. Triceps brachii Location of origin or insertion origin at sternum. Skip to main content. Module 8: Muscles of the Head and Trunk. Search for:. Naming muscles Information There are a lot of skeletal muscles in the human body, and skeletal muscles often have long and hard-to-remember names.
Table Term Type of movement around the joint Flexion Decreasing the angle between two bones Dorsiflexion Decreasing the angle between the foot and shin Plantar flexion Decreasing the angle between the toes and bottom of the foot pointing toes Extension Increasing the angle between two bones Abduction Moving a body part away from the midline Adduction Moving a body part towards the midline Circumduction Movement in a circular or cone-shaped motion Rotation Turning movement of a bone about its long axis Supination Rotation of the forearm or foot so that the palm or sole is moved to face anteriorly Pronation Rotation of the forearm or foot so that the palm or sole is moved to face posteriorly Inversion Sole of the foot moved to face medially Eversion Sole of the foot moved to face laterally Retraction Movement in the posterior direction Protraction Movement in the anterior direction.
Elevation Lifting a body part Depression Returning a body part to pre-elevated position Figure Lab 8 Exercises 8. Review Questions. Critical Thinking Questions 1. Describe the different criteria that contribute to how skeletal muscles are named. Glossary abductor moves the bone away from the midline adductor moves the bone toward the midline bi two brevis short extensor muscle that increases the angle at the joint flexor muscle that decreases the angle at the joint lateralis to the outside longus long maximus largest medialis to the inside medius medium minimus smallest oblique at an angle rectus straight tri three.
Portions, or roots, of the word give us clues about the function, shape, action, or location of a muscle. Previous:
0コメント