Many private companies also offer services in both languages. The Welsh Assembly Y Cynulliad , established in , entirely runs in two languages. The Welsh language board Bwrdd yr Iaith Gymraeg is the official organ of promotion and regulation of the Welsh language. It was created following the Welsh Language Act of The objective of Welsh institutions is to create, in Wales, a balanced form of bilingual society.
Education : Studies have shown that the abandonment of the language was directly related to the level of knowledge in reading in writing in Welsh.
The less literacy a speaker of Welsh had, the more he or she tended to give up the language to the benefit of English. Therefore education was soon considered crucial to the preservation of Welsh. The reversal of the declining trend from the s was directly related to the emergence of teaching in Welsh. Nowadays in Wales it is possible for children to receive full-education in Welsh. The teaching of Welsh is also widespread in secondary education and university.
There is a fair supply for adult migrants or English speakers who wish to learn Welsh as a second language. Yet a census in Great Britain showed a progression in the number of people who declared being able to speak Welsh. Eluding most predictions, it appears obvious now that Welsh is in a far better position than a century ago. In that sense the case of Welsh stands as a nearly unique model in Europe. Nevertheless, linguistic mapping studies reveal that home-transmission is in decline in the traditional linguistic areas, whereas school-transmission increases in the more Anglicized areas, particularly in Cardiff.
Historical details Welsh is generally considered to have emerged per se around the 6th century. It comes from the variety of Brythonic or Breton that was spoken in Great Britain during the Roman era, and incorporates a number of Latin borrowings. The Anglo-Saxon and later Norman domination over England gradually confined the Welsh language to Wales, constantly pushing it west.
The Brythonic variants of Scotland disappeared in the 12th century. Scottish Gaelic is related to Irish, imported from Ireland in the 3rd and 4th centuries. The Matter of Britain, which gave the tellings of the Grail Quest, is believed to have been written in Welsh.
The Welsh tradition of literature and poetry is very significant. It dates back to the bards bardd , pl. This tradition of literature generated a written form of ancient Welsh, followed later by a standardized form found across the Middle Age as the language of administration and jurisdiction. From then on, the status of Welsh speakers kept declining until the s.
Welsh greatly suffered from the English economic migrations of the 19th century, due to the industrial development of southeastern and northeastern Wales. Indo-Iranian Branch. International Languages. Iroquoian Language Family. Khoisan Language Family. Language Isolates. Mayan Language Family. NaDene Language Family. Niger-Congo Language Family. Nilo-Saharan Language Family. Oto-Manguean Language Family. Pidgin Languages. Romance Branch. Semitic Branch.
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World Languages. Writing Systems. Article 1 All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood. It has been estimated some 20, Welsh speakers died in the conflict. The census showed a further decline, as the number of Welsh speakers fell to The lecture had a major impact and led directly to the formation of pressure group Cymdeithas Yr Iaith Gymraeg Welsh Language Society which campaigned for reforms.
Welsh language TV channel S4C followed in - Welsh had become a language of mass media news and entertainment. Home About us Welsh language - Fast Facts.
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